How are CANDU reactors refueled?

CANDU reactors are designed to be refueled on-line, which means that they can be refueled while still operating at power. This distinctive feature allows for continuous energy generation and minimizes downtime, making CANDU reactors highly efficient. The on-line refueling process involves the use of a specialized fueling machine that removes spent fuel bundles and replaces them with fresh fuel bundles in a controlled manner.

This capability is significant since it contrasts with many other reactor designs that require a full shutdown for refueling. It enhances operational flexibility and can contribute to overall efficiency, as the reactor does not have to undergo a lengthy shutdown process to accommodate refueling. By allowing refueling during operation, CANDU reactors can maintain higher availability and reliability, making them an attractive option for nuclear power generation.