What is a nuclear steam generator?

A nuclear steam generator is primarily a device that plays a crucial role in transferring heat from the reactor coolant to produce steam. In a pressurized water reactor (PWR), for example, the heat generated by the nuclear reaction is absorbed by the primary coolant, which is kept under high pressure to prevent boiling. This heated coolant then flows through the steam generator, where it heats a secondary loop of water. As this secondary water absorbs heat, it turns into steam. This steam is then used to drive turbines, generating electricity.

Understanding this function is essential because the steam generator ensures that the steam production occurs without mixing the reactor coolant with the secondary water, maintaining the integrity and safety of the nuclear process. The steam produced is critical for the overall operation of the power plant, ensuring efficient energy extraction from the nuclear fuel while keeping the reactor system isolated from the turbine system.

The other options, while related to the nuclear power process, do not accurately define what a nuclear steam generator is or how it functions in the context of a nuclear power plant.