What type of waste is categorized as low-level in nuclear waste management?

Low-level waste in nuclear waste management refers to materials that contain radioactivity but at much lower levels compared to high-level waste. This waste can include a diverse range of items such as contaminated clothing, equipment, and other materials that have been exposed to radiation during routine operations in nuclear facilities or medical applications.

The primary characteristic of low-level waste is that it often has lower concentrations of radioactive isotopes and typically presents a more manageable risk to health and safety. As a result, low-level waste can be disposed of using methods suited for its lesser hazard, including shallow land burial or disposal in designated facilities.

High-level waste, on the other hand, contains high concentrations of radioactive materials and generates significant heat, requiring more complex and secure methods of storage and disposal. Waste characterized by long half-lives generally falls into the category of high-level waste due to the potential for prolonged radiation exposure, which demands very careful handling and management.

In summary, low-level waste encompasses various forms, particularly solid and liquid materials that are either non-active or have minimal radioactivity, thus allowing for simpler disposal techniques.